Headcorn gets the heads up

Headcorn is a large village situated on the floodplain of the River Beult, to the south-east of Maidstone, in an area known as the “Low Weald of Kent.“  It has a population of around 3,500 souls, and is one of the largest villages in the area. Headcorn can trace its history back to the 12^th Century, although there is evidence that the area was settled before this time. Parts of the parish church of St Peter & St Paul, date from this time, although much of the building is younger than this.

During the reign of King Edward III, the weaving industry became established in the area, and a century or so later, Flemish weavers, fleeing religious persecution in their homeland, were encouraged to settle in the area. The abundant flocks of sheep found in the Weald, provided a ready source of wool, and in common with larger settlements, such as Cranbrook, Headcorn prospered thanks to the weaving trade.

The railway reached the village in 1842, with the South Eastern Railway offering fast and frequent services to both London and the Kent coast. The rail connection provides an important east-west link, as with very few roads running along this axis, it is much easier to reach Headcorn by rail than it is by road. It was no surprise then that the village first entered my consciousness as a child, when I lived with my parents just outside Ashford, as Headcorn was one of the stations the London-bound trains called at.

Many years later, and now living in Tonbridge, I was able to travel to Headcorn by train, in just 22 minutes - a journey time that would just not be possible by road. For the same reasons, good rail links to both London and the coast, ensures that Headcorn remains popular with today’s commuters, but, as I discovered on my recent visit, there is far more to the village than a dormitory town for people working in the capital.

Last Friday, Headcorn station was the meeting for myself and a handful of other beer writers, who were due to visit Hukins Hops, just outside Bethersden. Dom, the tour organiser from UK Brewery Tours, had arranged for a taxi to take us to Hukins, but having purposely travelled on an earlier train, I walked into the centre of Headcorn village and, liking what I saw, decided to take a closer look on my way home, when there would be more time. So, after leaving my companions to await their train, I took a left turn at the top of the station approach, and headed along the High Street, towards the village centre.

It was only a 5-minute walk, but along the way I was pleasantly surprised by the number and diversity of independent shops, restaurants, and cafés. Without really counting, I noticed a hardware store, an independent off-licence, an Indian restaurant, a Chinese takeaway plus a obligatory Kebab shop. Next door to the pub (more on that later), was the rather appealing Bill’s Tea Shop. As far as I could make out, this was nothing to do with the “Bill’s” chain of restaurants that operates locally.

Of particular note was the Post Office. I say this because Tonbridge is currently without a permanent Post Office, after its current host (WH Smith), shut up shop. This is a ridiculous situation for a town the size of Tonbridge, but that's for another time. Opposite the Post Office, and fronting onto the High Street, is the George & Dragon pub, a substantial 19^th Century building, and one that I remember as a Courage pub, from limited past visits to Headorn. It still looks like one from the outside and venturing inside for what I believe was the first time, I can confirm that the G&D shows evidence of its past ownership, internally as well.

I got the odd, strange look as I approached the bar, even though I’d remembered to take off my hat (necessary for protection from the ferocity of the sun, whilst in the hop gardens). Harvey’s Best was the sole cask ale on offer, but given the high temperatures outside, I wasn’t feeling overconfident about its quality. I still went for a pint, as apart from a few samples courtesy of Hukins, I was gagging for a beer.

I had to wait a while, whilst the young girl behind the bar sorted out a glass of Fosters, for one of the regulars, who was due in shortly. The glasses kept in the fridge, with their frosted appearance seemed very Australian, although my remark that I didn’t want my Harvey’s served that cold, was met with a smile that was both pleasant and friendly. The Harvey’s itself was perfectly drinkable too, and served cool, rather than frozen, but rather than hang around in the bar, I headed for the enclosed and paved garden area at the rear. I found a spot that was shaded and settled down to enjoy my beer.

The latter wasn’t good enough for a second pint, although I was also conscious that Mrs PBT’s was expecting me home in time for our evening meal. I returned my empty glass to the bar, and after leaving the pub, headed along for a quick look at the parish church, at the far end of the High Street. On the way, I was looking out for the former Whitbread-Fremlin’s pub I remembered from past visits to Headcorn. These would have taken place during the early 1980’s, when I was living in Maidstone, and at a time when I was a member of the local MMK CAMRA branch.

I carried out a spot of research using a couple of old local CAMRA guides, and the most likely candidate was the green-painted building on the corner, where the High Street turns into North Street. This would have been the Kings Arms, a pub listed in the 2009 Gateway to Kent Guide, and with the address of No. 1 High Street. Described as a “Local community pub, offering bed & breakfast,” this outlet obviously ceased trading some time during the past decade, for reasons unknown – to me at least!

Looking at What Pub, the most promising, and most appealing pub in Headcorn today, has to be the White Horse, in North Street, an establishment that according to its website, offers a good range of beer, good food, and open fires in winter. The only other outlet in the village is a tiny micro, called Tap17 Micro-Bar. No cask beers are stocked, but the range of “craft beers” looks interesting. The only trouble is that due to its small size, visitors need to pre-book a table via Facebook, so count me out on this one as, in my book, this type of establishment is NOT a pub!

After this spot of “research,” I made my way back to the station, and caught the 16.45 train back to Tonbridge, and then, having clocked up over 15,000 steps, caught the bus back to the top of my road, using my “bus w*nker’s pass." The conclusion from my brief exploration of this attractive Wealden village, is that, even without a spot of hop-picking, Headcorn is well worth a further visit, or perhaps even two!

 

Hopping down in Kent

In my previous post about how, the drought was impacting the hop harvest right across Europe, I mentioned I was off to Haffenden Farm, near Bethersden, to have a look at hops growing in the fields and pick a few for myself. However, when Friday morning dawned, and I brought Mrs PBT’s her early morning cup of tea, she me it was far too late to go hop picking. As a child she had often gone hopping with her mother, and rather like gathering mushrooms, you apparently need to be up at the crack of dawn to pick hops.

This wasn’t quite true in this instance, as along with several other members of the British Guild of Beer Writers, and other interested parties, I’d received an invite from UK Brewery Tours, to spend some time at Hukins Hops. The instructions were to take a train to nearby Headcorn station, where a pre-booked taxi would pick me, plus a handful of others up, at 11.15am. I duly arrived and joined two other beer writers, Bryan B and David Jesudason, each of whom had a child in tow, and after piling into the taxi, we were transported to Haffenden Farm.

Several other guests arrived independently, including one lady who had journeyed by train from South Wales, plus a couple who had travelled down the night before and stayed in nearby Tenterden. Writer, Des de Moore, was also present along with a professional photographer. We were met by Dom, from UK Brewery Tours, who had arranged the visit and acted as our guide. 

After the introductory pleasantries, we walked up to the old oast house, at the top of the site, where Dom explained some of the history behind the farm and its tradition of hop growing. Hukins Hops is a 5^th generation family business, now dedicated exclusively to hop growing, and one that is determined to maintain this tradition. The old oast house still houses a vintage hop-picking machine, but one that is no longer in regular use. Hukins have planning permission to convert this old building to house a small brewery, with attached tap room. This project will be in conjunction with an established Kent brewer, although at present, I am not at liberty to name the company involved.

Hops have been grown at Haffenden Farm’s 50-acre site since 1900. The farm is part organic, and is self-sufficient in terms of electricity, thanks to bank of 200 solar panels. The surplus generated is sold back to the national grid. There is also a large tank to store recycled rainwater, including run-off from the nearby road, but given the dry year we’ve experienced, the farm is struggling water-wise at the moment.

A range of different hop varieties is grown, with Fuggles, Challenger, Ernest, Bullion, and Cascade all contributing to the harvest. The varieties above, are listed in the order in which they ripen, so with five different types of hops, the growing season on Haffenden Farm is extended, and by implication the hop harvest as well. The latter point is important, because with harvest time being by far the busiest time of the year, spreading it out, by virtue of different ripening times, does make life a little easier for both the labourer’s who pick the hops, and the family that owns the farm.

Harvesting the hops time is both a busy and stressful time, for owner Ross Hukins and other members of the family. I mentioned before that I’d met Ross whilst acting as a beer judge at the Spa Valley Railway Beer Festival, several years ago, but with the harvest due to start straight after the bank holiday, preparations were in full swing. Ross was rather too wrapped up in them to break off and meet us, which was a shame, but under the circumstances, this was totally understandable.

Leaving the old oast house, we walked back down, taking a look at the aforementioned solar panels and water storage facilities. We continued through several different fields, each planted with a different hop variety, so after starting with a field of Fuggles, we moved onto the Challenger hops, in the adjoining field. Challenger hops have distinctive, red coloured bines, which sets them apart from the green vines of the Fuggles. Hukins are now one of only nine farms left that are still growing this traditional variety, and Dom told us that Paul McCartney’s farm at Peasemarsh is one of the others. 

We finally ended up in a field of Ernest hops – a new variety to me, but quite a well-established one, having first being developed by Professor Ernest Salmon, at the now sadly closed Wye College. I have a personal connection to Wye College, having grown up in the neighbouring village of Brook. The hop is described as having “New World characteristics, producing a complex flavour with predominantly fruity notes, especially apricot, citrus and spice.”

We didn’t visit the fields where the Bullion and the Cascade hops were growing. Bullion were once favoured by Guinness, who grew them on their own hop farm at Bodiam. The variety appears to have fallen out of favour, possibly due to their characteristic blackberry notes. Cascades are THE definitive hops used to produce American Pale Ales, although without elaborating, Dom mentioned something about them being grown “under licence.” This sounded very “Monsanto” to me, but despite intellectual property rights and other legal restrictions, Hukins, along with several other UK growers, have proved that Cascades can be successfully cultivated in Britain.

We then walked along to the new Hop Processing shed, which is a purpose-built facility which allows for greater picking speeds, improved efficiencies, larger drying areas, and increased capacity. This, combines the latest technology with Hukins existing passion for hops, allowing them to grow, pick, dry, press and preserve their award-winning hops to the highest standards. The project received funding from the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development; a source of investment that unfortunately is no longer available, thanks those who blindly voted for Brexit, without bothering to check the facts.

This picking, drying, and packing processes are the most important part of the harvest, and with only a four-day window available to ensure the hops are picked in peak condition, this is a very stressful time for hop farmers. Unlike the old days, when an army of itinerant workers from London’s East End would descend on the hop fields, only four full-time workers are detailed to harvest the hops today, at Hukins. The bines are cut down by a worker standing on a platform, mounted behind a tractor, before being loaded onto a trailer and taken to the processing shed.

The bines are then hung on a series of hooks which transport them through the various stages of the picking machine, which can handle up to 1,200 bines per hour. Hukins use a reconditioned “Bruff” machine, dating in part from the 1960’s. Such machines are still in demand, and are said to have been so robust, reliable and so efficient in their operation, that the company went out of business. We met the engineer who looks after the machine at Haffenden Farm. He officially retired in 2009, but returns every year, as he loves tinkering with this mechanical monster.

The machine cleverly separates the hop cones from the bines, and also the “laterals” – leaves to you and me. The waste plant material exits the shed through a chute, and is eventually composted, although to prevent the build up of disease, this compost is never spread back between the bines. The cones enter one of three kilns, each capable of processing 5 tonnes of hops at a time. This is a three-stage drying process, which reduces each load of hops to just 10% of its original weight.

This was almost the end of the tour, and it was interesting to see the picking machine and the kilns being put through their final checks, prior to the start of harvesting next week. Two factors are used to determine which of the hops are ready for harvesting; the first is a scientific moisture reading, whilst the second is the time-tested “scrunch” test. Basically, if the hope cones make a scrunching noise when rubbed between fingers, then the harvest can begin!

Finally, we were able to sample the finished product, after Dom brought us out a few samples. The first was a pale ale, brewed using Fuggles, the second was an IPA brewed with Ernest hops, and finally a porter. From memory I think this excellent dark ale was brewed using Challenger hops, but I had stopped taking notes. Most people agreed that Fuggles provided the best match with the pale ale, whilst the hop used for the porter, was another winning combination.

Our taxi arrived on time to take us back to Headcorn station. As I only had a short journey home, compared to the others, I left them to catch their train, and took a stroll into the centre of Headcorn village for a look around, plus a pint. This diversion is worthy of is own write-up, so look out in a few days’ time.  In the meantime, special thanks to Dom from UK Brewery Tours, for arranging and conducting the tour, and thanks too to Hukins Hops, for allowing us to visit the lovely setting of their farm, and witness, at first hand, how this vital flavouring ingredient for beer is cultivated, harvested and then prepared ready for the brewer to work his or her magic.